建筑與可再生能源利用通用規(guī)范

　　General Specification for Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Utilization

　　3.1.14 外窗的通風(fēng)開(kāi)口面積應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：1 夏熱冬暖、溫和B區(qū)居住建筑外窗的通風(fēng)開(kāi)口面積不應(yīng)小于房間地面面積的10％或外窗面積的45％，夏熱冬冷、溫和A區(qū)居住建筑外窗的通風(fēng)開(kāi)口面積不應(yīng)小于房間地面面積的5％；2 公共建筑中主要功能房間的外窗（包括透光幕墻）應(yīng)設(shè)置可開(kāi)啟窗扇或通風(fēng)換氣裝置。3.1.18 居住建筑的主要使用房間（臥室、書房、起居室等）的房間窗地面積比不應(yīng)小于1/7。

　　3.1.14 The ventilation opening area of external windows should comply with the following regulations: 1. The ventilation opening area of external windows in residential buildings in Zone B should not be less than 10% of the room floor area or 45% of the external window area, and the ventilation opening area of external windows in residential buildings in Zone A should not be less than 5% of the room floor area, with hot summers and cold winters and mild winters; External windows (including transparent curtain walls) of the main functional rooms in public buildings should be equipped with openable window sashes or ventilation devices. The window to floor area ratio of the main rooms used in residential buildings (bedrooms, study rooms, living rooms, etc.) should not be less than 1/7.

　　民用建筑設(shè)計(jì)統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　Unified Standard for Civil Building Design

　　7.2.2 采用直接自然通風(fēng)的空間，通風(fēng)開(kāi)口有效面積應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：1 生活、工作的房間的通風(fēng)開(kāi)口有效面積不應(yīng)小于該房間地面面積的1/20；2 ?廚房的通風(fēng)開(kāi)口有效面積不應(yīng)小于該房間地板面積的1/10，并不得小于0.6㎡；3 ?進(jìn)出風(fēng)開(kāi)口的位置應(yīng)避免設(shè)在通風(fēng)不良區(qū)域，且應(yīng)避免進(jìn)出風(fēng)開(kāi)口氣流短路。7.2.3 嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)居住建筑中的廚房、廁所、衛(wèi)生間應(yīng)設(shè)自然通風(fēng)道或通風(fēng)換氣設(shè)施。7.2.4 廚房、衛(wèi)生間的門的下方應(yīng)設(shè)進(jìn)風(fēng)固定百葉或留進(jìn)風(fēng)縫隙。7.2.5 自然通風(fēng)道或通風(fēng)換氣裝置的位置不應(yīng)設(shè)于門附近。7.2.6 無(wú)外窗的浴室、廁所、衛(wèi)生間應(yīng)設(shè)機(jī)械通風(fēng)換氣設(shè)施。7.2.7 ?建筑內(nèi)的公共衛(wèi)生間宜設(shè)置機(jī)械排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。

　　7.2.2 For spaces with direct natural ventilation, the effective area of ventilation openings should comply with the following regulations: 1. The effective area of ventilation openings in living and working rooms should not be less than 1/20 of the floor area of the room; 2 ? The effective area of the ventilation opening in the kitchen should not be less than 1/10 of the floor area of the room and should not be less than 0.6 square meters; 3 ? The position of the inlet and outlet openings should be avoided in areas with poor ventilation, and short circuits in the airflow at the inlet and outlet openings should be avoided. 7.2.3 In residential buildings located in extremely cold regions, natural ventilation ducts or ventilation facilities should be installed in kitchens, toilets, and bathrooms. 7.2.4 Fixed air inlet louvers or air inlet gaps should be installed below the doors of the kitchen and bathroom. 7.2.5 The position of natural ventilation ducts or ventilation devices should not be located near doors. 7.2.6 Mechanical ventilation facilities should be installed in bathrooms, toilets, and toilets without external windows. 7.2.7 ? Mechanical exhaust systems should be installed in public restrooms within buildings.

　　民用建筑設(shè)計(jì)統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　Unified Standard for Civil Building Design

　　7.2.2 人員經(jīng)常生活、休息、工作活動(dòng)的空間（如居室、廚房、兒童活動(dòng)室、中小學(xué)生教室、學(xué)生公寓宿舍、育嬰室、養(yǎng)老院、病房等）應(yīng)采用直接自然通風(fēng)。本條中規(guī)定的通風(fēng)口面積的限值保持了原《通則》的規(guī)定。進(jìn)出風(fēng)開(kāi)口的有效面積應(yīng)進(jìn)行計(jì)算，計(jì)算時(shí)將開(kāi)啟扇開(kāi)到通風(fēng)位置，然后計(jì)算有效通風(fēng)面積。

　　7.2.2 The spaces where personnel often live, rest, and work (such as living rooms, kitchens, children's activity rooms, primary and secondary school classrooms, student dormitories, nursing homes, nursing homes, wards, etc.) should adopt direct natural ventilation. The minimum limit of ventilation area specified in this article maintains the provisions of the original General Rules. The effective area of the inlet and outlet openings should be calculated by opening the fan to the maximum ventilation position and then calculating the effective ventilation area.

　　除了保證必需的通風(fēng)開(kāi)口面積，良好的通風(fēng)效果還依賴是否有通風(fēng)路徑。設(shè)計(jì)中應(yīng)合理設(shè)置進(jìn)出風(fēng)口的平面位置、高度等，以利于室內(nèi)形成良好自然通風(fēng)流場(chǎng)。設(shè)置在外墻上的懸開(kāi)窗，其通風(fēng)開(kāi)口有效面積按下列要求確定：1 當(dāng)開(kāi)啟扇開(kāi)啟角度大于70°時(shí)，其面積可按窗的面積計(jì)算。

　　In addition to ensuring the necessary ventilation opening area, good ventilation effect also depends on whether there is a ventilation path. In the design, the plane position and height of the air inlet and outlet should be reasonably set to facilitate the formation of a good natural ventilation field indoors. The effective area of the ventilation opening of the suspended window set on the exterior wall shall be determined according to the following requirements: 1. When the opening angle of the opening fan is greater than 70 °, its area can be calculated based on the area of the window.

　　2 當(dāng)開(kāi)啟角度小于70°時(shí)，其面積可以按照下式計(jì)算：Fp=d×(h+B)式中：Fp-通風(fēng)開(kāi)口有效面積（㎡）；d-開(kāi)啟扇頂（或底邊）到其關(guān)閉位置的距離（m）；h-開(kāi)啟洞口凈高（m）；B-開(kāi)啟洞口的凈寬（m）。

　　When the opening angle is less than 70 °, its area can be calculated according to the following formula: Fp=d × (h+B), where Fp - effective area of ventilation opening (㎡); D - Distance from the top (or bottom) of the fan to its closed position (m); H-Net height of the opening (m); B - Clear width of the opening (m).

　　3 當(dāng)采用推拉窗時(shí)，取開(kāi)啟后的通風(fēng)洞口尺寸。廚房通往陽(yáng)臺(tái)的門，不計(jì)入廚房的通風(fēng)有效面積。

　　When using sliding windows, take the maximum ventilation opening size after opening. The door from the kitchen to the balcony is not included in the effective ventilation area of the kitchen.

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